Dr Ben Williams, MB ChB

A build-up of plaque and tartar can lead to inflamed and infected gums. Mild gum disease is called gingivitis and is not usually serious. More severe gum disease (periodontitis), can lead to teeth falling out. Good oral hygiene includes regular tooth brushing and cleaning between teeth - for example, by flossing. This can usually prevent gum disease and treat mild-to-moderate gum disease. Specialist dental treatments may be needed for severe gum disease.

A root canal treatment is performed if you have an infection in the centre of your tooth. Root canal treatment is not painful and can save a tooth that might otherwise have to be removed completely.

Tooth decay (dental caries) is the destruction of tooth tissue by the action of cariogenic bacteria. These are germs that cause dental caries.