caveolae associated protein 1
Last updated 18 Aug 2020
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The CAVIN1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called cavin-1. This protein is found in cells and tissues throughout the body. It is most abundant in several types of cells: osteoblasts, which are cells that build bones; muscle cells; and adipocytes, which are cells that store fats for energy. Adipocytes make up most of the body's fatty (adipose) tissue.
Normal function
The CAVIN1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called cavin-1. This protein is found in cells and tissues throughout the body. It is most abundant in several types of cells: osteoblasts, which are cells that build bones; muscle cells; and adipocytes, which are cells that store fats for energy. Adipocytes make up most of the body's fatty (adipose) tissue.
Studies suggest that cavin-1 plays an essential role in forming and stabilizing caveolae, which are small pouches in the membrane that surrounds cells. Caveolae have multiple functions, some of which are not well understood. They are known to be involved in the transport of molecules from the cell membrane to the interior of the cell (endocytosis), processing of molecules on their way into the cell, maintaining the cell structure, and regulating chemical signaling pathways. Caveolae are particularly numerous in adipocytes, where they appear to be essential for the normal transport, processing, and storage of fats.
Within cells, cavin-1 is also found in the nucleus and in the fluid that surrounds the nucleus (the cytoplasm). In addition to its role in caveolae, studies suggest that this protein is involved in repairing damage to the outer cell membrane, cell growth and division (proliferation), cell movement, stopping cell division in older cells (senescence), and regulating various chemical signaling pathways. The functions of cavin-1 likely differ depending on the type of cell and the part of the cell where the protein is found.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
CAVIN
cavin-1
CGL4
FKSG13
polymerase I and transcript release factor
PTRF
RNA polymerase I and transcript release factor
TTF-I interacting peptide 12
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Further reading and references
- caveolae associated protein 1; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Hayashi YK, Matsuda C, Ogawa M, Goto K, Tominaga K, Mitsuhashi S, Park YE, Nonaka I, Hino-Fukuyo N, Haginoya K, Sugano H, Nishino I. Human PTRF mutations cause secondary deficiency of caveolins resulting in muscular dystrophy with generalized lipodystrophy. J Clin Invest. 2009 Sep;119(9):2623-33. doi: 10.1172/JCI38660. Epub 2009 Aug 10.
- Hill MM, Bastiani M, Luetterforst R, Kirkham M, Kirkham A, Nixon SJ, Walser P, Abankwa D, Oorschot VM, Martin S, Hancock JF, Parton RG. PTRF-Cavin, a conserved cytoplasmic protein required for caveola formation and function. Cell. 2008 Jan 11;132(1):113-24. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.042.
- Liu L, Pilch PF. A critical role of cavin (polymerase I and transcript release factor) in caveolae formation and organization. J Biol Chem. 2008 Feb 15;283(7):4314-22. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M707890200. Epub 2007 Dec 3.
- Low JY, Nicholson HD. Emerging role of polymerase-1 and transcript release factor (PTRF/ Cavin-1) in health and disease. Cell Tissue Res. 2014 Sep;357(3):505-13. doi: 10.1007/s00441-014-1964-z. Epub 2014 Aug 9.
- Rajab A, Straub V, McCann LJ, Seelow D, Varon R, Barresi R, Schulze A, Lucke B, Lutzkendorf S, Karbasiyan M, Bachmann S, Spuler S, Schuelke M. Fatal cardiac arrhythmia and long-QT syndrome in a new form of congenital generalized lipodystrophy with muscle rippling (CGL4) due to PTRF-CAVIN mutations. PLoS Genet. 2010 Mar 12;6(3):e1000874. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000874.
- Shastry S, Delgado MR, Dirik E, Turkmen M, Agarwal AK, Garg A. Congenital generalized lipodystrophy, type 4 (CGL4) associated with myopathy due to novel PTRF mutations. Am J Med Genet A. 2010 Sep;152A(9):2245-53. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33578.
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