Pyle disease
Last updated 18 Aug 2020
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Pyle disease is a disorder of the bones. Its hallmark feature is an abnormality of the long bones in the arms and legs in which the ends (metaphyses) of the bones are abnormally broad; the shape of the bones resembles a boat oar or paddle. The broad metaphyses are due to enlargement of the spongy inner layer of bone (trabecular bone). Although trabecular bone is expanded, the dense outermost layer of bone (cortical bone) is thinner than normal. As a result, the bones are fragile and fracture easily. The bone abnormalities in the legs commonly cause knock knees (genu valgum) in affected individuals.
Description
Pyle disease is a disorder of the bones. Its hallmark feature is an abnormality of the long bones in the arms and legs in which the ends (metaphyses) of the bones are abnormally broad; the shape of the bones resembles a boat oar or paddle. The broad metaphyses are due to enlargement of the spongy inner layer of bone (trabecular bone). Although trabecular bone is expanded, the dense outermost layer of bone (cortical bone) is thinner than normal. As a result, the bones are fragile and fracture easily. The bone abnormalities in the legs commonly cause knock knees (genu valgum) in affected individuals.
Other bone abnormalities can also occur in Pyle disease. Affected individuals may have widened collar bones (clavicles), ribs, or bones in the fingers and hands. Dental problems are common in Pyle disease, including delayed appearance (eruption) of permanent teeth and misalignment of the top and bottom teeth (malocclusion).
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal recessive. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
Metaphyseal dysplasia, Pyle type
Pyle metaphyseal dysplasia
Pyle's disease
Pyle's metaphyseal dysplasia syndrome
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Further reading and references
- Pyle disease; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Galada C, Shah H, Shukla A, Girisha KM. A novel sequence variant in SFRP4 causing Pyle disease. J Hum Genet. 2017 Apr;62(5):575-576. doi: 10.1038/jhg.2016.166. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
- Haraguchi R, Kitazawa R, Mori K, Tachibana R, Kiyonari H, Imai Y, Abe T, Kitazawa S. sFRP4-dependent Wnt signal modulation is critical for bone remodeling during postnatal development and age-related bone loss. Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 27;6:25198. doi: 10.1038/srep25198.
- Kiper POS, Saito H, Gori F, Unger S, Hesse E, Yamana K, Kiviranta R, Solban N, Liu J, Brommage R, Boduroglu K, Bonafe L, Campos-Xavier B, Dikoglu E, Eastell R, Gossiel F, Harshman K, Nishimura G, Girisha KM, Stevenson BJ, Takita H, Rivolta C, Superti-Furga A, Baron R. Cortical-Bone Fragility--Insights from sFRP4 Deficiency in Pyle's Disease. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jun 30;374(26):2553-2562. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1509342.
- Wonkam A, Makubalo N, Roberts T, Chetty M. Pyle metaphyseal dysplasia in an African child: Case report and review of the literature. S Afr Med J. 2016 May 25;106(6 Suppl 1):S110-3. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2016.v106i6.11011.
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