HtrA serine peptidase 1
Last updated 11 Apr 2023
Meets Patient’s editorial guidelines
- DownloadDownload
- Share
- Language
- Discussion
- Audio Version
- Add to preferred sources on Google
The HTRA1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is found in many of the body's organs and tissues. This protein is a type of enzyme called a serine protease, which has an active center that cuts (cleaves) other proteins into smaller pieces. The HTRA1 enzyme helps break down many other kinds of proteins in the space surrounding cells (the extracellular matrix).
Normal function
The HTRA1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is found in many of the body's organs and tissues. This protein is a type of enzyme called a serine protease, which has an active center that cuts (cleaves) other proteins into smaller pieces. The HTRA1 enzyme helps break down many other kinds of proteins in the space surrounding cells (the extracellular matrix).
The HTRA1 enzyme also attaches (binds) to proteins in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) family and slows down (inhibits) their ability to send chemical signals. TGF-β proteins normally help control many critical cell functions, including the growth and division (proliferation) of cells, the process by which cells mature to carry out specific functions (differentiation), cell movement (motility), and the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis). TGF-β signaling also plays an important role in the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis).
Researchers have proposed several additional functions for the HTRA1 enzyme. It may play a role in the stabilization of microtubules, which are rigid, hollow fibers that make up the cell's structural framework (cytoskeleton). Additionally, the HTRA1 enzyme may be involved in depositing minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, in developing bone (mineralization). Studies have also suggested that the HTRA1 enzyme acts as a tumour suppressor, a protein that helps prevent the development of cancerous tumours by keeping cells from growing and dividing in an uncontrolled way.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
ARMD7
HtrA
HTRA1_HUMAN
IGFBP5-protease
L56
ORF480
protease, serine, 11 (IGF binding)
PRSS11
serine protease HTRA1
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
Travelling to remote locations
Self-treatment is a last resort as it is very difficult for anyone to make treatment decisions about themselves. Reference book Pocket First Aid and Wilderness Medicine: Drs Jim Duff and Peter Gormly (2010). This is an excellent handbook covering what to do as a layperson in most medical situations you might encounter. Equipment Thermom....
Patient information leaflet
Giant Cell Arteritis
Other treatments Studies have shown that the use of a medication called tocilizumab alongside the steroids improves the chances of stopping or reducing the steroids without relapse. In the UK, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance is currently that this should only be used in people who have already had a relapse or.
Patient information leaflet
Kidney stones
Kidney stones are hard stones that can cause severe pain in your side along with blood in your urine, and nausea and vomiting. You are more likely to develop kidney stones if you eat a Western diet, don't drink enough fluids or are overweight. Once you have had one episode they are likely to recur but there are several kidney stone treatment.
Patient information leaflet
Down's syndrome screening
There are two different types of tests that can be done to look for Down's syndrome during pregnancy - a screening test and a diagnostic test. What is Down's syndrome. Down's syndrome is a genetic chromosome problem that some people are born with. A person with Down's syndrome can usually be recognised by their typical features. It can also cause.
Patient information leaflet
Pneumococcal immunisation
Pneumococcus can cause diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis and blood infections. Children aged under 2 years should receive the vaccine. You should consider pneumococcal immunisation if you are aged over 65 years or have certain diseases of the lung, heart, kidney, liver and nervous system. What is the pneumococcus. Pneumococcus is a germ.
Patient information leaflet
Telogen effluvium
Telogen effluvium (hair loss) is a condition where more than normal amounts of hair fall out. There is a general 'thinning' of the hair. Many other medications have been linked to telogen effluvium, but some of the most common are beta-blockers; retinoids, including excess vitamin A (often used for skin problems); anticoagulants (often called.
Further reading and references
- HtrA serine peptidase 1; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- An E, Sen S, Park SK, Gordish-Dressman H, Hathout Y. Identification of novel substrates for the serine protease HTRA1 in the human RPE secretome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Jul;51(7):3379-86. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-4853. Epub 2010 Mar 5.
- Chien J, Ota T, Aletti G, Shridhar R, Boccellino M, Quagliuolo L, Baldi A, Shridhar V. Serine protease HtrA1 associates with microtubules and inhibits cell migration. Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Aug;29(15):4177-87. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00035-09. Epub 2009 May 26.
- Dewan A, Liu M, Hartman S, Zhang SS, Liu DT, Zhao C, Tam PO, Chan WM, Lam DS, Snyder M, Barnstable C, Pang CP, Hoh J. HTRA1 promoter polymorphism in wet age-related macular degeneration. Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):989-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1133807. Epub 2006 Oct 19.
- Fukutake T. Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL): from discovery to gene identification. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2011 Mar-Apr;20(2):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2010.11.008. Epub 2011 Jan 7.
- Hara K, Shiga A, Fukutake T, Nozaki H, Miyashita A, Yokoseki A, Kawata H, Koyama A, Arima K, Takahashi T, Ikeda M, Shiota H, Tamura M, Shimoe Y, Hirayama M, Arisato T, Yanagawa S, Tanaka A, Nakano I, Ikeda S, Yoshida Y, Yamamoto T, Ikeuchi T, Kuwano R, Nishizawa M, Tsuji S, Onodera O. Association of HTRA1 mutations and familial ischemic cerebral small-vessel disease. N Engl J Med. 2009 Apr 23;360(17):1729-39. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0801560.
- Kanda A, Chen W, Othman M, Branham KE, Brooks M, Khanna R, He S, Lyons R, Abecasis GR, Swaroop A. A variant of mitochondrial protein LOC387715/ARMS2, not HTRA1, is strongly associated with age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 9;104(41):16227-32. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0703933104. Epub 2007 Sep 20.
- Shiga A, Nozaki H, Yokoseki A, Nihonmatsu M, Kawata H, Kato T, Koyama A, Arima K, Ikeda M, Katada S, Toyoshima Y, Takahashi H, Tanaka A, Nakano I, Ikeuchi T, Nishizawa M, Onodera O. Cerebral small-vessel disease protein HTRA1 controls the amount of TGF-beta1 via cleavage of proTGF-beta1. Hum Mol Genet. 2011 May 1;20(9):1800-10. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddr063. Epub 2011 Feb 14.
- Tong Y, Liao J, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang H, Mao M. LOC387715/HTRA1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration: A HuGE review and meta-analysis. Mol Vis. 2010 Oct 5;16:1958-81.
- Yang Z, Camp NJ, Sun H, Tong Z, Gibbs D, Cameron DJ, Chen H, Zhao Y, Pearson E, Li X, Chien J, Dewan A, Harmon J, Bernstein PS, Shridhar V, Zabriskie NA, Hoh J, Howes K, Zhang K. A variant of the HTRA1 gene increases susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):992-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1133811. Epub 2006 Oct 19.
- Yang Z, Tong Z, Chen Y, Zeng J, Lu F, Sun X, Zhao C, Wang K, Davey L, Chen H, London N, Muramatsu D, Salasar F, Carmona R, Kasuga D, Wang X, Bedell M, Dixie M, Zhao P, Yang R, Gibbs D, Liu X, Li Y, Li C, Li Y, Campochiaro B, Constantine R, Zack DJ, Campochiaro P, Fu Y, Li DY, Katsanis N, Zhang K. Genetic and functional dissection of HTRA1 and LOC387715 in age-related macular degeneration. PLoS Genet. 2010 Feb 5;6(2):e1000836. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000836.
Join the conversation
Share your thoughts or experiences with others in our patient communities.
Ask, share, connect.
Browse discussions, ask questions, and share experiences across hundreds of health topics.
Sign up to the Patient newsletter
Your weekly dose of clear, trustworthy health advice - written to help you feel informed, confident and in control.
By subscribing you accept our Privacy Policy. You can unsubscribe at any time. We never sell your data.