isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase
Last updated 18 Aug 2020
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The IVD gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase. This enzyme plays an essential role in processing proteins obtained from the diet. Normally, the body breaks down proteins from food into smaller parts called amino acids. Amino acids can be further processed to provide energy for growth and development. In cells throughout the body, isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase is found within specialized structures called mitochondria. Mitochondria convert energy from food to a form that cells can use.
Normal function
The IVD gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase. This enzyme plays an essential role in processing proteins obtained from the diet. Normally, the body breaks down proteins from food into smaller parts called amino acids. Amino acids can be further processed to provide energy for growth and development. In cells throughout the body, isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase is found within specialized structures called mitochondria. Mitochondria convert energy from food to a form that cells can use.
Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase helps process a particular amino acid called leucine. Specifically, this enzyme is responsible for the third step in the breakdown of leucine. This step is a chemical reaction that converts a molecule called isovaleryl-CoA to another molecule, 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA. Additional chemical reactions convert 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA into molecules that are used for energy.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
ACAD2
isovaleryl CoA dehydrogenase
IVD_HUMAN
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Further reading and references
- isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Ensenauer R, Fingerhut R, Maier EM, Polanetz R, Olgemoller B, Roschinger W, Muntau AC. Newborn screening for isovaleric acidemia using tandem mass spectrometry: data from 1.6 million newborns. Clin Chem. 2011 Apr;57(4):623-6. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2010.151134. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
- Ensenauer R, Vockley J, Willard JM, Huey JC, Sass JO, Edland SD, Burton BK, Berry SA, Santer R, Grunert S, Koch HG, Marquardt I, Rinaldo P, Hahn S, Matern D. A common mutation is associated with a mild, potentially asymptomatic phenotype in patients with isovaleric acidemia diagnosed by newborn screening. Am J Hum Genet. 2004 Dec;75(6):1136-42. doi: 10.1086/426318. Epub 2004 Oct 14.
- Lin WD, Wang CH, Lee CC, Lai CC, Tsai Y, Tsai FJ. Genetic mutation profile of isovaleric acidemia patients in Taiwan. Mol Genet Metab. 2007 Feb;90(2):134-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.08.011. Epub 2006 Oct 4.
- Mohsen AW, Anderson BD, Volchenboum SL, Battaile KP, Tiffany K, Roberts D, Kim JJ, Vockley J. Characterization of molecular defects in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase in patients with isovaleric acidemia. Biochemistry. 1998 Jul 14;37(28):10325-35. doi: 10.1021/bi973096r.
- Vockley J, Ensenauer R. Isovaleric acidemia: new aspects of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2006 May 15;142C(2):95-103. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30089.
- Vockley J, Rogan PK, Anderson BD, Willard J, Seelan RS, Smith DI, Liu W. Exon skipping in IVD RNA processing in isovaleric acidemia caused by point mutations in the coding region of the IVD gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Feb;66(2):356-67. doi: 10.1086/302751.
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