MKKS centrosomal shuttling protein
Last updated 16 Apr 2024
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The MKKS gene (also called the BBS6 gene) provides instructions for making a protein that plays an important role in early development, specifically in the formation of the limbs, heart, and reproductive system. This protein's structure suggests that it may belong to a family of proteins called chaperonins. Proteins must be folded into the correct shape to function properly, and chaperonins help them do that.
Normal function
The MKKS gene (also called the BBS6 gene) provides instructions for making a protein that plays an important role in early development, specifically in the formation of the limbs, heart, and reproductive system. This protein's structure suggests that it may belong to a family of proteins called chaperonins. Proteins must be folded into the correct shape to function properly, and chaperonins help them do that.
The MKKS protein combines with other proteins to form a structure known as the chaperonin complex. The chaperonin complex serves as a scaffold for the assembly of another molecule called the BBSome. The BBSome helps transport materials that support the function of cilia, the microscopic, finger-like projections on the surface of cells. Cilia help transmit information.
Researchers speculate that the MKKS protein may also be directly involved in transporting important molecules to different locations within the cell. Specifically, the MKKS protein may help transport SMARCC1 protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus of the cell. SMARCC1 helps regulate the activity of certain genes.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
BBS6
HMCS
KMS
MKS
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Further reading and references
- MKKS centrosomal shuttling protein; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Hirayama S, Yamazaki Y, Kitamura A, Oda Y, Morito D, Okawa K, Kimura H, Cyr DM, Kubota H, Nagata K. MKKS is a centrosome-shuttling protein degraded by disease-causing mutations via CHIP-mediated ubiquitination. Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Mar;19(3):899-911. doi: 10.1091/mbc.e07-07-0631. Epub 2007 Dec 19.
- Katsanis N, Beales PL, Woods MO, Lewis RA, Green JS, Parfrey PS, Ansley SJ, Davidson WS, Lupski JR. Mutations in MKKS cause obesity, retinal dystrophy and renal malformations associated with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Nat Genet. 2000 Sep;26(1):67-70. doi: 10.1038/79201.
- Kim JC, Ou YY, Badano JL, Esmail MA, Leitch CC, Fiedrich E, Beales PL, Archibald JM, Katsanis N, Rattner JB, Leroux MR. MKKS/BBS6, a divergent chaperonin-like protein linked to the obesity disorder Bardet-Biedl syndrome, is a novel centrosomal component required for cytokinesis. J Cell Sci. 2005 Mar 1;118(Pt 5):1007-20. doi: 10.1242/jcs.01676.
- Scott CA, Marsden AN, Rebagliati MR, Zhang Q, Chamling X, Searby CC, Baye LM, Sheffield VC, Slusarski DC. Nuclear/cytoplasmic transport defects in BBS6 underlie congenital heart disease through perturbation of a chromatin remodeling protein. PLoS Genet. 2017 Jul 28;13(7):e1006936. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006936. eCollection 2017 Jul.
- Seo S, Baye LM, Schulz NP, Beck JS, Zhang Q, Slusarski DC, Sheffield VC. BBS6, BBS10, and BBS12 form a complex with CCT/TRiC family chaperonins and mediate BBSome assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 26;107(4):1488-93. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0910268107. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
- Slavotinek AM, Biesecker LG. Unfolding the role of chaperones and chaperonins in human disease. Trends Genet. 2001 Sep;17(9):528-35. doi: 10.1016/s0168-9525(01)02413-1.
- Slavotinek AM, Searby C, Al-Gazali L, Hennekam RC, Schrander-Stumpel C, Orcana-Losa M, Pardo-Reoyo S, Cantani A, Kumar D, Capellini Q, Neri G, Zackai E, Biesecker LG. Mutation analysis of the MKKS gene in McKusick-Kaufman syndrome and selected Bardet-Biedl syndrome patients. Hum Genet. 2002 Jun;110(6):561-7. doi: 10.1007/s00439-002-0733-3. Epub 2002 May 9.
- Slavotinek AM, Stone EM, Mykytyn K, Heckenlively JR, Green JS, Heon E, Musarella MA, Parfrey PS, Sheffield VC, Biesecker LG. Mutations in MKKS cause Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Nat Genet. 2000 Sep;26(1):15-6. doi: 10.1038/79116.
- Slavotinek AM. McKusick-Kaufman Syndrome. 2002 Sep 10 [updated 2020 Dec 3]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1502/
- Stone DL, Slavotinek A, Bouffard GG, Banerjee-Basu S, Baxevanis AD, Barr M, Biesecker LG. Mutation of a gene encoding a putative chaperonin causes McKusick-Kaufman syndrome. Nat Genet. 2000 May;25(1):79-82. doi: 10.1038/75637.
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