5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase
Last updated 8 May 2023
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The MTRR gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called methionine synthase reductase. This enzyme is required for the proper function of another enzyme called methionine synthase. Methionine synthase helps process amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Specifically, it converts the amino acid homocysteine to another amino acid called methionine. After a period of being turned on (active), methionine synthase turns off (becomes inactive). Methionine synthase reductase reactivates methionine synthase so the enzyme can continue to produce methionine.
Normal function
The MTRR gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called methionine synthase reductase. This enzyme is required for the proper function of another enzyme called methionine synthase. Methionine synthase helps process amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Specifically, it converts the amino acid homocysteine to another amino acid called methionine. After a period of being turned on (active), methionine synthase turns off (becomes inactive). Methionine synthase reductase reactivates methionine synthase so the enzyme can continue to produce methionine.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
cblE
methionine synthase reductase
MSR
MTRR_HUMAN
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Further reading and references
- 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Carmel R, Green R, Rosenblatt DS, Watkins D. Update on cobalamin, folate, and homocysteine. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2003:62-81. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2003.1.62.
- Doolin MT, Barbaux S, McDonnell M, Hoess K, Whitehead AS, Mitchell LE. Maternal genetic effects, exerted by genes involved in homocysteine remethylation, influence the risk of spina bifida. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Nov;71(5):1222-6. doi: 10.1086/344209. Epub 2002 Oct 9.
- Gueant-Rodriguez RM, Rendeli C, Namour B, Venuti L, Romano A, Anello G, Bosco P, Debard R, Gerard P, Viola M, Salvaggio E, Gueant JL. Transcobalamin and methionine synthase reductase mutated polymorphisms aggravate the risk of neural tube defects in humans. Neurosci Lett. 2003 Jul 3;344(3):189-92. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00468-3.
- Hobbs CA, Sherman SL, Yi P, Hopkins SE, Torfs CP, Hine RJ, Pogribna M, Rozen R, James SJ. Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism as maternal risk factors for Down syndrome. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Sep;67(3):623-30. doi: 10.1086/303055. Epub 2000 Aug 7.
- Vilaseca MA, Vilarinho L, Zavadakova P, Vela E, Cleto E, Pineda M, Coimbra E, Suormala T, Fowler B, Kozich V. CblE type of homocystinuria: mild clinical phenotype in two patients homozygous for a novel mutation in the MTRR gene. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2003;26(4):361-9. doi: 10.1023/a:1025159103257.
- Wilson A, Leclerc D, Rosenblatt DS, Gravel RA. Molecular basis for methionine synthase reductase deficiency in patients belonging to the cblE complementation group of disorders in folate/cobalamin metabolism. Hum Mol Genet. 1999 Oct;8(11):2009-16. doi: 10.1093/hmg/8.11.2009.
- Zavadakova P, Fowler B, Zeman J, Suormala T, Pristoupilova K, Kozich V, Zavad'akova P. CblE type of homocystinuria due to methionine synthase reductase deficiency: clinical and molecular studies and prenatal diagnosis in two families. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Oct;25(6):461-76. doi: 10.1023/a:1021299117308.
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