Channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain
Last updated 18 May 2023
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Channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain is a condition that inhibits the ability to perceive physical pain. From birth, affected individuals never feel pain in any part of their body when injured. People with this condition can feel the difference between sharp and dull and hot and cold, but they cannot sense, for example, that a hot beverage is burning their tongue. Pain is a vital signal that helps people avoid danger and injuries. People who cannot feel pain experience more injuries and may have shorter life expectancies.
Description
Channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain is a condition that inhibits the ability to perceive physical pain. From birth, affected individuals never feel pain in any part of their body when injured. People with this condition can feel the difference between sharp and dull and hot and cold, but they cannot sense, for example, that a hot beverage is burning their tongue. Pain is a vital signal that helps people avoid danger and injuries. People who cannot feel pain experience more injuries and may have shorter life expectancies.
The first signs of channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain often occur when an infant shows no response to stimuli such as an injury or medical procedures like vaccines. Young children with this condition may have wounds from biting or burning themselves.
A lack of pain awareness often leads individuals to develop wounds, bruises, broken bones, and other health issues that may go undetected. Long lasting joint injuries (often occurring alongside broken bones) can lead to joint deformities and often the loss of normal use of that body part. Eye injuries that go unnoticed can lead to vision loss. Many people with channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain also have a complete loss of the sense of smell (anosmia).
Channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain is considered a form of peripheral neuropathy because it affects the peripheral nervous system, which connects the brain and spinal cord to muscles and to cells that detect sensations such as touch, smell, and pain.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal recessive. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
Asymbolia for pain
Channelopathy-associated insensitivity to pain
CIP
CIP-SCN9A
Congenital analgesia
Congenital indifference to pain
Congenital pain indifference
Indifference to pain, congenital, autosomal recessive
Pain insensitivity, congenital
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Further reading and references
- Channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Dabby R. Pain disorders and erythromelalgia caused by voltage-gated sodium channel mutations. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2012 Feb;12(1):76-83. doi: 10.1007/s11910-011-0233-8.
- Drissi I, Woods WA, Woods CG. Understanding the genetic basis of congenital insensitivity to pain. Br Med Bull. 2020 May 15;133(1):65-78. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldaa003.
- Fischer TZ, Waxman SG. Familial pain syndromes from mutations of the NaV1.7 sodium channel. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Jan;1184:196-207. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05110.x.
- Lampert A, O'Reilly AO, Reeh P, Leffler A. Sodium channelopathies and pain. Pflugers Arch. 2010 Jul;460(2):249-63. doi: 10.1007/s00424-009-0779-3. Epub 2010 Jan 26.
- Zufall F, Pyrski M, Weiss J, Leinders-Zufall T. Link between pain and olfaction in an inherited sodium channelopathy. Arch Neurol. 2012 Sep;69(9):1119-23. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.21.
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