bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2
Last updated 13 Mar 2023
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The BMPR2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2. The BMPR2 gene belongs to a family of genes originally identified for its role in regulating the growth and maturation (differentiation) of bone and cartilage. Recently, researchers have found that this gene family plays a broader role in regulating the growth and differentiation of numerous types of cells.
Normal function
The BMPR2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2. The BMPR2 gene belongs to a family of genes originally identified for its role in regulating the growth and maturation (differentiation) of bone and cartilage. Recently, researchers have found that this gene family plays a broader role in regulating the growth and differentiation of numerous types of cells.
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 spans the cell membrane, so that one end of the protein is on the outer surface of the cell and the other end remains inside the cell. This positioning allows the protein to receive and transmit signals that help the cell respond to its environment by growing and dividing (cell proliferation) or by undergoing controlled cell death (apoptosis). This balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis regulates the number of cells in tissues.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
BMPR-II
BMPR2_HUMAN
BMPR3
BMR2
bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II
bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II (serine/threonine kinase)
BRK-3
PPH1
Receptor, Type II BMP
serine/threonine kinase
T-ALK
type II activin receptor-like kinase
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Further reading and references
- bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Austin ED, Loyd JE. The genetics of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circ Res. 2014 Jun 20;115(1):189-202. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.303404.
- Geiger H, Tinker RJ, Talbert J, Phillips JA III, Austin ED. Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Overview. 2002 Jul 18 [updated 2026 Apr 9]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1485/
- Machado RD, Pauciulo MW, Thomson JR, Lane KB, Morgan NV, Wheeler L, Phillips JA 3rd, Newman J, Williams D, Galie N, Manes A, McNeil K, Yacoub M, Mikhail G, Rogers P, Corris P, Humbert M, Donnai D, Martensson G, Tranebjaerg L, Loyd JE, Trembath RC, Nichols WC. BMPR2 haploinsufficiency as the inherited molecular mechanism for primary pulmonary hypertension. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jan;68(1):92-102. doi: 10.1086/316947. Epub 2000 Dec 12.
- Machado RD, Southgate L, Eichstaedt CA, Aldred MA, Austin ED, Best DH, Chung WK, Benjamin N, Elliott CG, Eyries M, Fischer C, Graf S, Hinderhofer K, Humbert M, Keiles SB, Loyd JE, Morrell NW, Newman JH, Soubrier F, Trembath RC, Viales RR, Grunig E. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Current Perspective on Established and Emerging Molecular Genetic Defects. Hum Mutat. 2015 Dec;36(12):1113-27. doi: 10.1002/humu.22904. Epub 2015 Oct 12.
- Thomson JR, Machado RD, Pauciulo MW, Morgan NV, Humbert M, Elliott GC, Ward K, Yacoub M, Mikhail G, Rogers P, Newman J, Wheeler L, Higenbottam T, Gibbs JS, Egan J, Crozier A, Peacock A, Allcock R, Corris P, Loyd JE, Trembath RC, Nichols WC. Sporadic primary pulmonary hypertension is associated with germline mutations of the gene encoding BMPR-II, a receptor member of the TGF-beta family. J Med Genet. 2000 Oct;37(10):741-5. doi: 10.1136/jmg.37.10.741.
- Zhang S, Fantozzi I, Tigno DD, Yi ES, Platoshyn O, Thistlethwaite PA, Kriett JM, Yung G, Rubin LJ, Yuan JX. Bone morphogenetic proteins induce apoptosis in human pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003 Sep;285(3):L740-54. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00284.2002. Epub 2003 May 9.
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