G protein subunit alpha transducin 1
Last updated 18 Aug 2020
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The GNAT1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called alpha (α)-transducin. This protein is one part (the alpha subunit) of a protein complex called transducin. There are several versions of transducin made up of different subunits. Each version is found in a particular cell type in the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (the retina), where it plays a role in transmitting visual signals from the eye to the brain.
Normal function
The GNAT1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called alpha (α)-transducin. This protein is one part (the alpha subunit) of a protein complex called transducin. There are several versions of transducin made up of different subunits. Each version is found in a particular cell type in the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (the retina), where it plays a role in transmitting visual signals from the eye to the brain.
The transducin complex that contains α-transducin is found only in specialized light receptor cells in the retina called rods. Rods are responsible for vision in low-light conditions. When light enters the eye, a rod cell protein called rhodopsin is turned on (activated), which then activates α-transducin. Once activated, α-transducin breaks away from the transducin complex in order to activate another protein called cGMP-PDE, which triggers a series of chemical reactions that create electrical signals. These signals are transmitted from rod cells to the brain, where they are interpreted as vision.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
CSNBAD3
GBT1
GNAT1_HUMAN
GNATR
guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha transducing activity polypeptide 1
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-1
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T), alpha-1 subunit
rod-type transducin alpha subunit
transducin alpha-1 chain
transducin, rod-specific
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Further reading and references
- G protein subunit alpha transducin 1; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Dryja TP, Hahn LB, Reboul T, Arnaud B. Missense mutation in the gene encoding the alpha subunit of rod transducin in the Nougaret form of congenital stationary night blindness. Nat Genet. 1996 Jul;13(3):358-60. doi: 10.1038/ng0796-358.
- Sandberg MA, Pawlyk BS, Dan J, Arnaud B, Dryja TP, Berson EL. Rod and cone function in the Nougaret form of stationary night blindness. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998 Jul;116(7):867-72. doi: 10.1001/archopht.116.7.867.
- Szabo V, Kreienkamp HJ, Rosenberg T, Gal A. p.Gln200Glu, a putative constitutively active mutant of rod alpha-transducin (GNAT1) in autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness. Hum Mutat. 2007 Jul;28(7):741-2. doi: 10.1002/humu.9499.
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