Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia
Last updated 21 Aug 2023
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Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia is a disorder that affects the peripheral nerves. Peripheral nerves connect the brain and spinal cord to muscles and to sensory cells that detect sensations such as touch, pain, heat, and sound.
Description
Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia is a disorder that affects the peripheral nerves. Peripheral nerves connect the brain and spinal cord to muscles and to sensory cells that detect sensations such as touch, pain, heat, and sound.
Axonal neuropathy, a characteristic feature of this condition, is caused by damage to a particular part of peripheral nerves called axons, which are the extensions of nerve cells (neurons) that transmit nerve impulses. In people with autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia, the damage primarily causes progressive weakness and wasting (atrophy) of muscles in the feet, legs, and hands. Muscle weakness may be especially apparent during exercise (exercise intolerance) and can lead to an unusual walking style (gait), frequent falls, and joint deformities (contractures) in the hands and feet. In some affected individuals, axonal neuropathy also causes decreased sensitivity to touch, heat, or cold, particularly in the lower arms or legs.
Another feature of this condition is neuromyotonia (also known as Isaac syndrome). Neuromyotonia results from overactivation (hyperexcitability) of peripheral nerves, which leads to delayed relaxation of muscles after voluntary tensing (contraction), muscle cramps, and involuntary rippling movement of the muscles (myokymia).
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal recessive. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
ARAN-NM
Autosomal recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 with neuromyotonia
Autosomal recessive neuromyotonia and axonal neuropathy
Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome
Myokymia, myotonia, and muscle wasting
NMAN
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Further reading and references
- Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Caetano JS, Costa C, Baets J, Zimon Phd M, Venancio Phd M, Saraiva Phd J, Negrao L, Fineza I. Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia: a rare entity. Pediatr Neurol. 2014 Jan;50(1):104-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.08.028. Epub 2013 Oct 13.
- Zhao H, Race V, Matthijs G, De Jonghe P, Robberecht W, Lambrechts D, Van Damme P. Exome sequencing reveals HINT1 mutations as a cause of distal hereditary motor neuropathy. Eur J Hum Genet. 2014 Jun;22(6):847-50. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.231. Epub 2013 Oct 9.
- Zhou X, Chou TF, Aubol BE, Park CJ, Wolfenden R, Adams J, Wagner CR. Kinetic mechanism of human histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1. Biochemistry. 2013 May 21;52(20):3588-600. doi: 10.1021/bi301616c. Epub 2013 May 7.
- Zimon M, Baets J, Almeida-Souza L, De Vriendt E, Nikodinovic J, Parman Y, Battaloglu E, Matur Z, Guergueltcheva V, Tournev I, Auer-Grumbach M, De Rijk P, Petersen BS, Muller T, Fransen E, Van Damme P, Loscher WN, Barisic N, Mitrovic Z, Previtali SC, Topaloglu H, Bernert G, Beleza-Meireles A, Todorovic S, Savic-Pavicevic D, Ishpekova B, Lechner S, Peeters K, Ooms T, Hahn AF, Zuchner S, Timmerman V, Van Dijck P, Rasic VM, Janecke AR, De Jonghe P, Jordanova A. Loss-of-function mutations in HINT1 cause axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia. Nat Genet. 2012 Oct;44(10):1080-3. doi: 10.1038/ng.2406. Epub 2012 Sep 9.
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