APC regulator of Wnt signaling pathway
Last updated 26 Aug 2025
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The APC gene provides instructions for making the APC protein, which plays a critical role in several cellular processes. The APC protein acts as a tumour suppressor, which means that it keeps cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. This protein blocks a chemical signaling pathway known as Wnt signaling. This pathway promotes cell growth and division (proliferation) and controls the activity (expression) of certain genes.
Normal function
The APC gene provides instructions for making the APC protein, which plays a critical role in several cellular processes. The APC protein acts as a tumour suppressor, which means that it keeps cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. This protein blocks a chemical signaling pathway known as Wnt signaling. This pathway promotes cell growth and division (proliferation) and controls the activity (expression) of certain genes.
The APC protein attaches (binds) to multiple proteins to form a complex that helps to control levels of another protein called beta-catenin. Beta-catenin is a key part of the Wnt pathway, and it helps control many cell functions, including cell proliferation, gene expression, and the process by which cells mature to carry out specific functions (differentiation). When the APC protein complex binds beta-catenin, it helps break the protein down when it is no longer needed.
The APC protein also plays a role in regulating cell division. The protein interacts with parts of the cell's structural framework (cytoskeleton) to help with proper cell organisation during cell division. This helps ensure that the number of chromosomes in a cell is correct after the cell divides.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
adenomatous polyposis coli
APC_HUMAN
WNT signaling pathway regulator
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Further reading and references
- APC regulator of Wnt signaling pathway; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Abbott J, Nathke IS. The adenomatous polyposis coli protein 30 years on. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Dec;150-151:28-34. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.04.004. Epub 2023 Apr 22.
- Ditonno I, Novielli D, Celiberto F, Rizzi S, Rendina M, Ierardi E, Di Leo A, Losurdo G. Molecular Pathways of Carcinogenesis in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 16;24(6):5687. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065687.
- Jaiswal AS, Balusu R, Narayan S. Involvement of adenomatous polyposis coli in colorectal tumorigenesis. Front Biosci. 2005 May 1;10:1118-34. doi: 10.2741/1605.
- Joo JE, Viana-Errasti J, Buchanan DD, Valle L. Genetics, genomics and clinical features of adenomatous polyposis. Fam Cancer. 2025 Apr 16;24(2):38. doi: 10.1007/s10689-025-00460-0.
- Lips DJ, Barker N, Clevers H, Hennipman A. The role of APC and beta-catenin in the aetiology of aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumors). Eur J Surg Oncol. 2009 Jan;35(1):3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2008.07.003. Epub 2008 Aug 21.
- Sena P, Saviano M, Monni S, Losi L, Roncucci L, Marzona L, De Pol A. Subcellular localization of beta-catenin and APC proteins in colorectal preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Cancer Lett. 2006 Sep 28;241(2):203-12. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.10.011. Epub 2005 Nov 17.
- Senda T, Shimomura A, Iizuka-Kogo A. Adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) tumor suppressor gene as a multifunctional gene. Anat Sci Int. 2005 Sep;80(3):121-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-073x.2005.00106.x.
- Tejpar S, Michils G, Denys H, Van Dam K, Nik SA, Jadidizadeh A, Cassiman JJ. Analysis of Wnt/Beta catenin signalling in desmoid tumors. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2005 Jan-Mar;68(1):5-9.
- Yang W, Ding PR. Update on Familial Adenomatous Polyposis-Associated Desmoid Tumors. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2023 Apr 17;36(6):400-405. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1767709. eCollection 2023 Nov.
- Yen T, Stanich PP, Axell L, Patel SG. APC-Associated Polyposis Conditions. 1998 Dec 18 [updated 2022 May 12]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1345/
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