dynein axonemal heavy chain 11
Last updated 23 Sept 2025
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The DNAH11 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is part of a larger group (a complex) of proteins called dynein. This complex functions within cell structures called cilia. Cilia are microscopic, finger-like projections that stick out (project) from the surface of cells. They are found in cells that line the airway, the reproductive system, and many other organs and tissues. Coordinated back and forth movement of cilia can move the cell or the fluid surrounding the cell. Dynein makes up the structures (arms) that produce the force needed for cilia to move.
Normal function
The DNAH11 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is part of a larger group (a complex) of proteins called dynein. This complex functions within cell structures called cilia. Cilia are microscopic, finger-like projections that stick out (project) from the surface of cells. They are found in cells that line the airway, the reproductive system, and many other organs and tissues. Coordinated back and forth movement of cilia can move the cell or the fluid surrounding the cell. Dynein makes up the structures (arms) that produce the force needed for cilia to move.
Dynein forms structures known as inner dynein arms (IDAs) and outer dynein arms (ODAs) within the core of many cilia (the axoneme). Coordinated movement of the dynein arms causes the entire axoneme to bend back and forth. Within IDAs and ODAs, dynein is made up of different combinations of protein components (subunits) that are classified by weight as heavy, intermediate, or light chains. The DNAH11 gene provides instructions for making the heavy chain 11 protein, which is found in ODAs. Other subunits are produced from different genes.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
DNAHBL
DNAHC11
DPL11
dynein heavy chain beta-like
dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11
dynein, ciliary, heavy chain 11
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Further reading and references
- dynein axonemal heavy chain 11; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Despotes KA, Zariwala MA, Davis SD, Ferkol TW. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: A Clinical Review. Cells. 2024 Jun 4;13(11):974. doi: 10.3390/cells13110974.
- Knowles MR, Leigh MW, Carson JL, Davis SD, Dell SD, Ferkol TW, Olivier KN, Sagel SD, Rosenfeld M, Burns KA, Minnix SL, Armstrong MC, Lori A, Hazucha MJ, Loges NT, Olbrich H, Becker-Heck A, Schmidts M, Werner C, Omran H, Zariwala MA; Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium. Mutations of DNAH11 in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia with normal ciliary ultrastructure. Thorax. 2012 May;67(5):433-41. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200301. Epub 2011 Dec 18.
- Raidt J, Riepenhausen S, Pennekamp P, Olbrich H, Amirav I, Athanazio RA, Aviram M, Balinotti JE, Bar-On O, Bode SFN, Boon M, Borrelli M, Carr SB, Crowley S, Dehlink E, Diepenhorst S, Durdik P, Dworniczak B, Emiralioglu N, Erdem E, Fonnesu R, Gracci S, Grosse-Onnebrink J, Gwozdziewicz K, Haarman EG, Hansen CR, Hogg C, Holgersen MG, Kerem E, Korner RW, Kotz K, Kouis P, Loebinger MR, Lorent N, Lucas JS, Maj D, Mall MA, Marthin JK, Martinu V, Mazurek H, Mitchison HM, Nothe-Menchen T, Ozcelik U, Pifferi M, Pogorzelski A, Ringshausen FC, Roehmel JF, Rovira-Amigo S, Rumman N, Schlegtendal A, Shoemark A, Sperstad Kennelly S, Staar BO, Sutharsan S, Thomas S, Ullmann N, Varghese J, von Hardenberg S, Walker WT, Wetzke M, Witt M, Yiallouros P, Zschocke A, Zietkiewicz E, Nielsen KG, Omran H. Analyses of 1236 genotyped primary ciliary dyskinesia individuals identify regional clusters of distinct DNA variants and significant genotype-phenotype correlations. Eur Respir J. 2024 Aug 8;64(2):2301769. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01769-2023. Print 2024 Aug.
- Schultz R, Elenius V, Lukkarinen H, Saarela T. Two novel mutations in the DNAH11 gene in primary ciliary dyskinesia (CILD7) with considerable variety in the clinical and beating cilia phenotype. BMC Med Genet. 2020 Nov 26;21(1):237. doi: 10.1186/s12881-020-01171-2.
- Sironen A, Shoemark A, Patel M, Loebinger MR, Mitchison HM. Sperm defects in primary ciliary dyskinesia and related causes of male infertility. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2020 Jun;77(11):2029-2048. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03389-7. Epub 2019 Nov 28.
- Wee WB, Kinghorn B, Davis SD, Ferkol TW, Shapiro AJ. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Pediatrics. 2024 Jun 1;153(6):e2023063064. doi: 10.1542/peds.2023-063064.
- Zariwala MA, Despotes KA, Davis SD. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. 2007 Jan 24 [updated 2025 May 22]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1122/
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