MPL proto-oncogene, thrombopoietin receptor
Last updated 14 Apr 2023
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The MPL gene provides instructions for making the thrombopoietin receptor protein, which promotes the growth and division (proliferation) of cells. This receptor is especially important for the proliferation of certain blood cells called megakaryocytes, which produce platelets, the cells involved in blood clotting. Research suggests that the thrombopoietin receptor may also play a role in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, which are stem cells located within the bone marrow that have the potential to develop into red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Normal function
The MPL gene provides instructions for making the thrombopoietin receptor protein, which promotes the growth and division (proliferation) of cells. This receptor is especially important for the proliferation of certain blood cells called megakaryocytes, which produce platelets, the cells involved in blood clotting. Research suggests that the thrombopoietin receptor may also play a role in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, which are stem cells located within the bone marrow that have the potential to develop into red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
The thrombopoietin receptor is turned on (activated) when a protein called thrombopoietin attaches (binds) to it. The activated thrombopoietin receptor stimulates a signaling pathway called the JAK/STAT pathway, which transmits chemical signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus and is important for controlling the production of blood cells.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
C-MPL
CD110
MPLV
myeloproliferative leukemia protein
myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene
proto-oncogene c-Mpl
thrombopoietin receptor
thrombopoietin receptor precursor
TPO-R
TPOR
TPOR_HUMAN
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Further reading and references
- MPL proto-oncogene, thrombopoietin receptor; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Chaligne R, Tonetti C, Besancenot R, Roy L, Marty C, Mossuz P, Kiladjian JJ, Socie G, Bordessoule D, Le Bousse-Kerdiles MC, Vainchenker W, Giraudier S. New mutations of MPL in primitive myelofibrosis: only the MPL W515 mutations promote a G1/S-phase transition. Leukemia. 2008 Aug;22(8):1557-66. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.137. Epub 2008 Jun 5.
- Ding J, Komatsu H, Iida S, Yano H, Kusumoto S, Inagaki A, Mori F, Ri M, Ito A, Wakita A, Ishida T, Nitta M, Ueda R. The Asn505 mutation of the c-MPL gene, which causes familial essential thrombocythemia, induces autonomous homodimerization of the c-Mpl protein due to strong amino acid polarity. Blood. 2009 Oct 8;114(15):3325-8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-04-149047. Epub 2009 May 29.
- Germeshausen M, Ballmaier M, Welte K. MPL mutations in 23 patients suffering from congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia: the type of mutation predicts the course of the disease. Hum Mutat. 2006 Mar;27(3):296. doi: 10.1002/humu.9415.
- Pikman Y, Lee BH, Mercher T, McDowell E, Ebert BL, Gozo M, Cuker A, Wernig G, Moore S, Galinsky I, DeAngelo DJ, Clark JJ, Lee SJ, Golub TR, Wadleigh M, Gilliland DG, Levine RL. MPLW515L is a novel somatic activating mutation in myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia. PLoS Med. 2006 Jul;3(7):e270. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030270.
- Tefferi A. Novel mutations and their functional and clinical relevance in myeloproliferative neoplasms: JAK2, MPL, TET2, ASXL1, CBL, IDH and IKZF1. Leukemia. 2010 Jun;24(6):1128-38. doi: 10.1038/leu.2010.69. Epub 2010 Apr 29.
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