Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome
Last updated 5 Dec 2024
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Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES), formerly known as Job syndrome, is a condition that affects several body systems, particularly the immune system. Recurrent infections are common in people with this condition. Affected individuals tend to have frequent bouts of pneumonia, which are caused by certain kinds of bacteria that infect the lungs and cause inflammation. Inflammation is a normal immune system response to injury and foreign invaders (such as bacteria). However, excessive inflammation can damage body tissues. Recurring pneumonia often results in the formation of air-filled cysts (pneumatoceles) in the lungs. Frequent skin infections and an inflammatory skin disorder called eczema are also very common in AD-HIES. These skin problems cause rashes, blisters, accumulations of pus (abscesses), open sores, and scaling.
Description
Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES), formerly known as Job syndrome, is a condition that affects several body systems, particularly the immune system. Recurrent infections are common in people with this condition. Affected individuals tend to have frequent bouts of pneumonia, which are caused by certain kinds of bacteria that infect the lungs and cause inflammation. Inflammation is a normal immune system response to injury and foreign invaders (such as bacteria). However, excessive inflammation can damage body tissues. Recurring pneumonia often results in the formation of air-filled cysts (pneumatoceles) in the lungs. Frequent skin infections and an inflammatory skin disorder called eczema are also very common in AD-HIES. These skin problems cause rashes, blisters, accumulations of pus (abscesses), open sores, and scaling.
For unknown reasons, people with AD-HIES have abnormally high levels of an immune system protein called immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the blood. IgE normally triggers an immune response against foreign invaders in the body, particularly parasitic worms, and is involved in allergies. However, IgE is not needed for these roles in people with AD-HIES, and it is unclear why affected individuals have such high levels of the protein without having allergies.
AD-HIES also affects other parts of the body, including the bones and teeth. Many people with AD-HIES have skeletal abnormalities such as an unusually large range of joint movement (hyperextensibility), an abnormal curvature of the spine (scoliosis), reduced bone density (osteopenia), and a tendency for bones to fracture easily. A common dental abnormality in this condition is that the primary (baby) teeth do not fall out at the usual time during childhood but are retained as the adult teeth grow in. Other signs and symptoms of AD-HIES can include abnormalities of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle (coronary arteries), distinctive facial features, and structural abnormalities of the brain, which do not affect a person's intelligence.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal recessive; Autosomal dominant. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
AD-HIES
Autosomal dominant HIES
Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome
Autosomal dominant hyperimmunoglobulin E recurrent infection syndrome
Autosomal dominant Job syndrome
Buckley syndrome
Job syndrome
Job's syndrome
Job-Buckley syndrome
STAT3 deficiency
STAT3-deficient hyper IgE syndrome
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Further reading and references
- Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Beziat V, Li J, Lin JX, Ma CS, Li P, Bousfiha A, Pellier I, Zoghi S, Baris S, Keles S, Gray P, Du N, Wang Y, Zerbib Y, Levy R, Leclercq T, About F, Lim AI, Rao G, Payne K, Pelham SJ, Avery DT, Deenick EK, Pillay B, Chou J, Guery R, Belkadi A, Guerin A, Migaud M, Rattina V, Ailal F, Benhsaien I, Bouaziz M, Habib T, Chaussabel D, Marr N, El-Benna J, Grimbacher B, Wargon O, Bustamante J, Boisson B, Muller-Fleckenstein I, Fleckenstein B, Chandesris MO, Titeux M, Fraitag S, Alyanakian MA, Leruez-Ville M, Picard C, Meyts I, Di Santo JP, Hovnanian A, Somer A, Ozen A, Rezaei N, Chatila TA, Abel L, Leonard WJ, Tangye SG, Puel A, Casanova JL. A recessive form of hyper-IgE syndrome by disruption of ZNF341-dependent STAT3 transcription and activity. Sci Immunol. 2018 Jun 15;3(24):eaat4956. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat4956.
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