Donnai-Barrow syndrome
Last updated 18 Aug 2020
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Donnai-Barrow syndrome is an inherited disorder that affects many parts of the body. This disorder is characterised by unusual facial features, including prominent, wide-set eyes with outer corners that point downward; a short bulbous nose with a flat nasal bridge; ears that are rotated backward; and a widow's peak hairline.
Description
Donnai-Barrow syndrome is an inherited disorder that affects many parts of the body. This disorder is characterised by unusual facial features, including prominent, wide-set eyes with outer corners that point downward; a short bulbous nose with a flat nasal bridge; ears that are rotated backward; and a widow's peak hairline.
Individuals with Donnai-Barrow syndrome have severe hearing loss caused by abnormalities of the inner ear (sensorineural hearing loss). In addition, they often experience vision problems, including extreme nearsightedness (high myopia), detachment or deterioration of the light-sensitive tissue in the back of the eye (the retina), and progressive vision loss. Some have a gap or split in the colored part of the eye (iris coloboma).
In almost all people with Donnai-Barrow syndrome, the tissue connecting the left and right halves of the brain (corpus callosum) is underdeveloped or absent. Affected individuals may also have other structural abnormalities of the brain. They generally have mild to moderate intellectual disability and developmental delay.
People with Donnai-Barrow syndrome may also have a hole in the muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest cavity (the diaphragm), which is called a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. This potentially serious birth defect allows the stomach and intestines to move into the chest and possibly crowd the developing heart and lungs. An opening in the wall of the abdomen (an omphalocele) that allows the abdominal organs to protrude through the navel may also occur in affected individuals. Occasionally people with Donnai-Barrow syndrome have abnormalities of the intestine, heart, or other organs.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal recessive. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
DBS
DBS/FOAR syndrome
Diaphragmatic hernia-exomphalos-corpus callosum agenesis
Diaphragmatic hernia-exomphalos-hypertelorism syndrome
Faciooculoacousticorenal syndrome
FOAR syndrome
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Further reading and references
- Donnai-Barrow syndrome; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Chassaing N, Lacombe D, Carles D, Calvas P, Saura R, Bieth E. Donnai-Barrow syndrome: four additional patients. Am J Med Genet A. 2003 Sep 1;121A(3):258-62. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20266.
- Chen CP. Syndromes and disorders associated with omphalocele (III): single gene disorders, neural tube defects, diaphragmatic defects and others. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Jun;46(2):111-20. doi: 10.1016/S1028-4559(07)60004-7.
- Kantarci S, Al-Gazali L, Hill RS, Donnai D, Black GC, Bieth E, Chassaing N, Lacombe D, Devriendt K, Teebi A, Loscertales M, Robson C, Liu T, MacLaughlin DT, Noonan KM, Russell MK, Walsh CA, Donahoe PK, Pober BR. Mutations in LRP2, which encodes the multiligand receptor megalin, cause Donnai-Barrow and facio-oculo-acoustico-renal syndromes. Nat Genet. 2007 Aug;39(8):957-9. doi: 10.1038/ng2063. Epub 2007 Jul 15.
- Kantarci S, Ragge NK, Thomas NS, Robinson DO, Noonan KM, Russell MK, Donnai D, Raymond FL, Walsh CA, Donahoe PK, Pober BR. Donnai-Barrow syndrome (DBS/FOAR) in a child with a homozygous LRP2 mutation due to complete chromosome 2 paternal isodisomy. Am J Med Genet A. 2008 Jul 15;146A(14):1842-7. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32381.
- Longoni M, Kantarci S, Donnai D, Pober BR. Donnai-Barrow Syndrome. 2008 Aug 28 [updated 2018 Nov 21]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1878/
- Patel N, Hejkal T, Katz A, Margalit E. Ocular manifestations of Donnai-Barrow syndrome. J Child Neurol. 2007 Apr;22(4):462-4. doi: 10.1177/0883073807301933.
- Pober BR, Longoni M, Noonan KM. A review of Donnai-Barrow and facio-oculo-acoustico-renal (DB/FOAR) syndrome: clinical features and differential diagnosis. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2009 Jan;85(1):76-81. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20534.
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