metabolism of cobalamin associated A
Last updated 1 Jun 2021
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The MMAA gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in the formation of a compound called adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl). AdoCbl, which is derived from vitamin B12 (also called cobalamin), is necessary for the normal function of an enzyme known as methylmalonyl CoA mutase. This enzyme helps break down certain proteins, fats (lipids), and cholesterol.
Normal function
The MMAA gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in the formation of a compound called adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl). AdoCbl, which is derived from vitamin B12 (also called cobalamin), is necessary for the normal function of an enzyme known as methylmalonyl CoA mutase. This enzyme helps break down certain proteins, fats (lipids), and cholesterol.
Research indicates that the MMAA protein may play a role in one of the last steps in AdoCbl formation, the transport of vitamin B12 into mitochondria (specialized structures inside cells that serve as energy-producing centers). Additional chemical reactions then convert vitamin B12 into AdoCbl. Other studies suggest that the MMAA protein may help stabilize methylmalonyl CoA mutase and protect the enzyme from being turned off (inactivated).
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
cblA
methylmalonic aciduria (cobalamin deficiency) cblA type
methylmalonic aciduria (cobalamin deficiency) type A
methylmalonic aciduria type A
MMAA_HUMAN
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Further reading and references
- metabolism of cobalamin associated A; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Chandler RJ, Venditti CP. Genetic and genomic systems to study methylmalonic acidemia. Mol Genet Metab. 2005 Sep-Oct;86(1-2):34-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.07.020. Epub 2005 Sep 22.
- Dobson CM, Wai T, Leclerc D, Wilson A, Wu X, Dore C, Hudson T, Rosenblatt DS, Gravel RA. Identification of the gene responsible for the cblA complementation group of vitamin B12-responsive methylmalonic acidemia based on analysis of prokaryotic gene arrangements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Nov 26;99(24):15554-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242614799. Epub 2002 Nov 15.
- Froese DS, Kochan G, Muniz JR, Wu X, Gileadi C, Ugochukwu E, Krysztofinska E, Gravel RA, Oppermann U, Yue WW. Structures of the human GTPase MMAA and vitamin B12-dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and insight into their complex formation. J Biol Chem. 2010 Dec 3;285(49):38204-13. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.177717. Epub 2010 Sep 28.
- Horster F, Baumgartner MR, Viardot C, Suormala T, Burgard P, Fowler B, Hoffmann GF, Garbade SF, Kolker S, Baumgartner ER. Long-term outcome in methylmalonic acidurias is influenced by the underlying defect (mut0, mut-, cblA, cblB). Pediatr Res. 2007 Aug;62(2):225-30. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3180a0325f.
- Korotkova N, Lidstrom ME. MeaB is a component of the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase complex required for protection of the enzyme from inactivation. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 2;279(14):13652-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M312852200. Epub 2004 Jan 20.
- Lerner-Ellis JP, Dobson CM, Wai T, Watkins D, Tirone JC, Leclerc D, Dore C, Lepage P, Gravel RA, Rosenblatt DS. Mutations in the MMAA gene in patients with the cblA disorder of vitamin B12 metabolism. Hum Mutat. 2004 Dec;24(6):509-16. doi: 10.1002/humu.20104.
- Manoli I, Sloan JL, Venditti CP. Isolated Methylmalonic Acidemia. 2005 Aug 16 [updated 2022 Sep 8]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1231/
- Yang X, Sakamoto O, Matsubara Y, Kure S, Suzuki Y, Aoki Y, Suzuki Y, Sakura N, Takayanagi M, Iinuma K, Ohura T. Mutation analysis of the MMAA and MMAB genes in Japanese patients with vitamin B(12)-responsive methylmalonic acidemia: identification of a prevalent MMAA mutation. Mol Genet Metab. 2004 Aug;82(4):329-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2004.05.002.
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