X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia
Last updated 18 Aug 2020
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X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia (typically known by the acronym XMEN) is a disorder that affects the immune system in males. In XMEN, certain types of immune system cells called T cells are reduced in number or do not function properly. Normally these cells recognise foreign invaders, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and are then turned on (activated) to attack these invaders in order to prevent infection and illness. Because males with XMEN do not have enough functional T cells, they have frequent infections, such as ear infections, sinus infections, and pneumonia.
Description
X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia (typically known by the acronym XMEN) is a disorder that affects the immune system in males. In XMEN, certain types of immune system cells called T cells are reduced in number or do not function properly. Normally these cells recognise foreign invaders, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and are then turned on (activated) to attack these invaders in order to prevent infection and illness. Because males with XMEN do not have enough functional T cells, they have frequent infections, such as ear infections, sinus infections, and pneumonia.
In particular, affected individuals are vulnerable to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV is a very common virus that infects more than 90 percent of the general population and in most cases goes unnoticed. Normally, after initial infection, EBV remains in the body for the rest of a person's life. However, the virus is generally inactive (latent) because it is controlled by T cells. In males with XMEN, however, the T cells cannot control the virus, and EBV infection can lead to cancers of immune system cells (lymphomas). The word "neoplasia" in the condition name refers to these lymphomas; neoplasia is a general term meaning abnormal growths of tissue. The EBV infection itself usually does not cause any other symptoms in males with XMEN, and affected individuals may not come to medical attention until they develop lymphoma.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: X-linked recessive. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
Immunodeficiency, X-linked, with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia
XMEN
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
Can I take Ashwagandha and Magnesium together?
Taking ashwagandha and magnesium together is generally safe, but both substances can have a relaxing effect on the nervous ... Important precautions Autoimmune diseases Ashwagandha can stimulate the immune system, which may worsen symptoms of autoimmune conditions or interfere with immunosuppressant medications Thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism).
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Can I take Black cohosh and Magnesium together?
There are no known significant interactions between black cohosh and magnesium supplements. Black cohosh is primarily broken down by the liver, while magnesium is an essential mineral absorbed in the intestines and filtered by the kidneys. Hormone-sensitive conditions (e.g. breast cancer) Because black cohosh may act like the hormone oestrogen,.
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Can I take Esomeprazole and Magnesium together?
Taking esomeprazole for a long time (usually more than three months) can lower the levels of magnesium in your blood. This can lead to symptoms like tiredness, muscle spasms, or an irregular heartbeat. Simply search for your med... Disclaimer This information is for general educational purposes only and should not be relied upon as a substitute.
Patient information leaflet
Chest infection
A chest infection is an infection that affects your lower large airways (bronchi) and your lungs. Pneumonia and bronchitis are the most common chest infections. People with an immune system that's weakened either by conditions such as some cancers (including lymphoma , myeloma and leukaemia ) or AIDS ; or by treatments such as high-dose steroids ,.
Patient information leaflet
Can I take Magnesium and Vitamin B2 together?
There is no known negative interaction between magnesium and vitamin B2 (riboflavin). In fact, they are often taken together because they work well as a team in the body. Why this happens Magnesium and vitamin B2 do not interfere with each other's absorption or metabolism. Instead, they have a 'synergistic' effect, meaning they help each other.
Patient information leaflet
Can I take Magnesium and Oestrogen tablets together?
Taking magnesium and oestrogen together is generally considered safe and may actually be beneficial for some people. There is no evidence that they interfere with how each other works in the body. However, oestrogen can sometimes change how your body handles minerals like magnesium, and magnesium may help manage some side effects associated with.
Further reading and references
- X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Brandao K, Deason-Towne F, Perraud AL, Schmitz C. The role of Mg2+ in immune cells. Immunol Res. 2013 Mar;55(1-3):261-9. doi: 10.1007/s12026-012-8371-x.
- Chaigne-Delalande B, Li FY, O'Connor GM, Lukacs MJ, Jiang P, Zheng L, Shatzer A, Biancalana M, Pittaluga S, Matthews HF, Jancel TJ, Bleesing JJ, Marsh RA, Kuijpers TW, Nichols KE, Lucas CL, Nagpal S, Mehmet H, Su HC, Cohen JI, Uzel G, Lenardo MJ. Mg2+ regulates cytotoxic functions of NK and CD8 T cells in chronic EBV infection through NKG2D. Science. 2013 Jul 12;341(6142):186-91. doi: 10.1126/science.1240094.
- Li FY, Chaigne-Delalande B, Kanellopoulou C, Davis JC, Matthews HF, Douek DC, Cohen JI, Uzel G, Su HC, Lenardo MJ. Second messenger role for Mg2+ revealed by human T-cell immunodeficiency. Nature. 2011 Jul 27;475(7357):471-6. doi: 10.1038/nature10246.
- Li FY, Chaigne-Delalande B, Su H, Uzel G, Matthews H, Lenardo MJ. XMEN disease: a new primary immunodeficiency affecting Mg2+ regulation of immunity against Epstein-Barr virus. Blood. 2014 Apr 3;123(14):2148-52. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-11-538686. Epub 2014 Feb 18.
- Li FY, Lenardo MJ, Chaigne-Delalande B. Loss of MAGT1 abrogates the Mg2+ flux required for T cell signaling and leads to a novel human primary immunodeficiency. Magnes Res. 2011 Sep;24(3):S109-14. doi: 10.1684/mrh.2011.0286.
- Wolf FI, Trapani V. MagT1: a highly specific magnesium channel with important roles beyond cellular magnesium homeostasis. Magnes Res. 2011 Sep;24(3):S86-91. doi: 10.1684/mrh.2011.0288.
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