clarin 1
Last updated 3 Apr 2025
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The CLRN1 gene provides information for making a protein called clarin 1. This protein is probably involved in normal hearing and vision. Clarin 1 has been found in several areas of the body, including sensory cells in the inner ear called hair cells. These cells help transmit sound and motion signals to the brain. This protein is also active in the retina, which is the light-sensing tissue that lines the back of the eye. Although the function of clarin 1 has not been determined, studies suggest that it plays a role in communication between nerve cells (neurons) in the inner ear and in the retina. Clarin 1 may be important for the development and function of synapses, which are junctions between neurons where cell-to-cell communication occurs.
Normal function
The CLRN1 gene provides information for making a protein called clarin 1. This protein is probably involved in normal hearing and vision. Clarin 1 has been found in several areas of the body, including sensory cells in the inner ear called hair cells. These cells help transmit sound and motion signals to the brain. This protein is also active in the retina, which is the light-sensing tissue that lines the back of the eye. Although the function of clarin 1 has not been determined, studies suggest that it plays a role in communication between nerve cells (neurons) in the inner ear and in the retina. Clarin 1 may be important for the development and function of synapses, which are junctions between neurons where cell-to-cell communication occurs.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
USH3
USH3A
USH3A_HUMAN
Usher syndrome 3A
Usher syndrome type 3 protein
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Further reading and references
- clarin 1; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Adato A, Vreugde S, Joensuu T, Avidan N, Hamalainen R, Belenkiy O, Olender T, Bonne-Tamir B, Ben-Asher E, Espinos C, Millan JM, Lehesjoki AE, Flannery JG, Avraham KB, Pietrokovski S, Sankila EM, Beckmann JS, Lancet D. USH3A transcripts encode clarin-1, a four-transmembrane-domain protein with a possible role in sensory synapses. Eur J Hum Genet. 2002 Jun;10(6):339-50. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200831.
- Aller E, Jaijo T, Oltra S, Alio J, Galan F, Najera C, Beneyto M, Millan JM. Mutation screening of USH3 gene (clarin-1) in Spanish patients with Usher syndrome: low prevalence and phenotypic variability. Clin Genet. 2004 Dec;66(6):525-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2004.00352.x.
- Fields RR, Zhou G, Huang D, Davis JR, Moller C, Jacobson SG, Kimberling WJ, Sumegi J. Usher syndrome type III: revised genomic structure of the USH3 gene and identification of novel mutations. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Sep;71(3):607-17. doi: 10.1086/342098. Epub 2002 Jul 16.
- Geng R, Geller SF, Hayashi T, Ray CA, Reh TA, Bermingham-McDonogh O, Jones SM, Wright CG, Melki S, Imanishi Y, Palczewski K, Alagramam KN, Flannery JG. Usher syndrome IIIA gene clarin-1 is essential for hair cell function and associated neural activation. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Aug 1;18(15):2748-60. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp210. Epub 2009 May 3.
- Geng R, Melki S, Chen DH, Tian G, Furness DN, Oshima-Takago T, Neef J, Moser T, Askew C, Horwitz G, Holt JR, Imanishi Y, Alagramam KN. The mechanosensory structure of the hair cell requires clarin-1, a protein encoded by Usher syndrome III causative gene. J Neurosci. 2012 Jul 11;32(28):9485-98. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0311-12.2012.
- Isosomppi J, Vastinsalo H, Geller SF, Heon E, Flannery JG, Sankila EM. Disease-causing mutations in the CLRN1 gene alter normal CLRN1 protein trafficking to the plasma membrane. Mol Vis. 2009 Sep 8;15:1806-18.
- Joensuu T, Hamalainen R, Yuan B, Johnson C, Tegelberg S, Gasparini P, Zelante L, Pirvola U, Pakarinen L, Lehesjoki AE, de la Chapelle A, Sankila EM. Mutations in a novel gene with transmembrane domains underlie Usher syndrome type 3. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Oct;69(4):673-84. doi: 10.1086/323610. Epub 2001 Aug 27.
- Khan MI, Kersten FF, Azam M, Collin RW, Hussain A, Shah ST, Keunen JE, Kremer H, Cremers FP, Qamar R, den Hollander AI. CLRN1 mutations cause nonsyndromic retinitis pigmentosa. Ophthalmology. 2011 Jul;118(7):1444-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.10.047. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
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