major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP beta 1

Normal function

The HLA-DPB1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. The HLA-DPB1 gene is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. The HLA complex helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria.

The HLA complex is the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a gene family that occurs in many species. The HLA-DPB1 gene belongs to a group of MHC genes called MHC class II. MHC class II genes provide instructions for making proteins that are present on the surface of certain immune system cells. These proteins attach to protein fragments (peptides) outside the cell. MHC class II proteins display these peptides to the immune system. If the immune system recognizes the peptides as foreign (such as viral or bacterial peptides), it triggers a response to attack the invading viruses or bacteria.

The protein produced from the HLA-DPB1 gene attaches (binds) to the protein produced from another MHC class II gene, HLA-DPA1. Together, they form a functional protein complex called an antigen-binding DPαβ heterodimer. This complex displays foreign peptides to the immune system to trigger the body's immune response.

Each MHC class II gene has many possible variations, allowing the immune system to react to a wide range of foreign invaders. Researchers have identified hundreds of different versions (alleles) of the HLA-DPB1 gene, each of which is given a particular number (such as HLA-DPB1*03:01).

Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome

• Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

• Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Other names

beta1 domain MHC class II HLA DPB

class II HLA beta chain

DPB1

DPB1_HUMAN

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP(W4) beta chain

HLA DP14-beta chain

HLA-DP

HLA-DP histocompatibility type, beta-1 subunit

HLA-DP1B

HLA-DPB

major histocompatibility complex class II antigen beta chain

MHC class II antigen beta chain

MHC class II antigen DP beta 1 chain

MHC class II antigen DPB1

MHC class II antigen DPbeta1

MHC class II HLA-DP-beta-1

MHC class II HLA-DRB1

MHC HLA DPB1