Can I take Levothyroxine and Vitamin D together?

Why this happens

Vitamin D itself does not change how levothyroxine works. However, many vitamin D supplements are combined with calcium. Calcium binds to levothyroxine in the digestive tract, preventing the medicine from entering your bloodstream. Additionally, correcting a severe vitamin D deficiency can sometimes slightly alter how your body uses thyroid hormones, though this is usually beneficial.

What you should do

You can safely take both, but timing is important. If your vitamin D supplement contains calcium, you must wait at least 4 hours after taking your levothyroxine before taking the supplement. It is best to take levothyroxine on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast. Always inform your doctor if you start a new supplement, as they may want to check your thyroid levels (TSH) after a few weeks to ensure your dose is still correct.

Important precautions

Heart conditions (e.g. angina, heart failure)

If you have a heart condition, your dose must be started very low and increased slowly. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience chest pain or palpitations, as levothyroxine increases the workload on your heart.

Interaction with supplements (Calcium/Iron)

Do not take calcium tablets, iron supplements, or multivitamins at the same time as levothyroxine. You must leave a gap of at least 4 hours between these supplements and your levothyroxine to ensure the medicine works.

Diabetes

Levothyroxine can raise blood sugar levels. If you have diabetes, you must monitor your blood glucose more closely when starting or changing your dose, as your diabetes medication may need to be increased.

Hypercalcaemia (high blood calcium)

Do not take vitamin D if you have high levels of calcium in your blood or urine, as it can lead to serious kidney damage and heart rhythm problems.

Food and drink warnings

Alcohol

It is best to avoid or strictly limit alcohol while taking levothyroxine. While there is no direct chemical reaction, alcohol can affect thyroid function and may worsen symptoms like tiredness or mood changes.

Timing of dose and food/drink

Take your levothyroxine on an empty stomach, at least 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast or any caffeine. Food, milk, and coffee prevent the medicine from being absorbed properly.

Caffeine (Coffee/Tea)

Caffeine can significantly reduce the amount of levothyroxine your body absorbs. You should wait at least 30 to 60 minutes after taking your tablet before drinking coffee or tea.

Dairy products (Milk, Yoghurt, Cheese)

Avoid consuming dairy products at the same time as your levothyroxine. Calcium found in dairy can interfere with how your body absorbs the medicine, making it less effective. It is best to wait at least 4 hours between taking levothyroxine and consuming dairy.

Soya products

Soya can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine. If you regularly eat or drink soya products, your doctor may need to monitor your thyroid levels more closely. Avoid consuming soya at the same time as your dose.

Kelp and Seaweed

These foods are naturally high in iodine. Too much iodine can interfere with your thyroid treatment and make your condition worse.

High-fibre foods

A diet very high in fibre can reduce the absorption of levothyroxine. If you significantly change your fibre intake, inform your doctor as your dose may need adjusting.

High-fat meals

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin. It is best absorbed by your body when taken with a meal that contains some fat (such as eggs, avocado, nuts, or dairy).

Using other medicines

Taking multiple medicines? Our Medicines Interaction Checker helps you check whether your prescriptions, over-the-counter medicines, and supplements are safe to take together. Simply search for your medicines to see potential interactions and what to do about them.

Disclaimer

This information is for general educational purposes only and should not be relied upon as a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your GP, pharmacist, or another qualified healthcare professional before making decisions about your medications. Individual circumstances may vary, and only a healthcare professional who knows your medical history can provide personalised guidance.