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Tests and investigations

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Tests and investigations are medical procedures used to diagnose health conditions and monitor health, which include laboratory tests (like blood and urine tests), imaging scans (like X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans), and other specialized procedures (like endoscopies or biopsies).

blood test

Tests and investigations

Blood tests

by Dr Hayley Willacy, FRCGP

Urine dipstick test

Tests and investigations

Urine dipstick test

by Dr Philippa Vincent, MRCGP

Preparing to take blood

Tests and investigations

Liver function tests

by Dr Rosalyn Adleman, MRCGP

MRI scan

Tests and investigations

MRI scan

by Dr Toni Hazell, FRCGP

Biopsy

A biopsy removes a small sample of tissue for testing. Learn when a biopsy is recommended, what happens during the procedure, and what results mean.

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Blood tests

Blood tests can detect infections, monitor conditions, or check overall health. Learn how they’re done, what they can show, and what to expect.

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Endoscopy

An endoscopy uses a camera to look inside your body. Learn why it’s done, what to expect before and after, and how it helps diagnose problems.

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General tests and investigations

Doctors may recommend other tests depending on your symptoms. Learn how additional investigations can help diagnose or rule out medical conditions.

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Heart tests

Heart tests include ECGs, echocardiograms and stress tests. Learn how these investigations help diagnose heart conditions and guide treatment.

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Imaging

X-rays, CT scans, MRIs and ultrasounds give doctors a clearer picture of your health. Learn when imaging is used and what the tests involve.

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Screening tests

A screening test checks for health problems in people who feel well and have no signs of sickness. Key types include cancer checks, pregnancy scans, and newborn checks.

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Urine and bladder tests

Urine and bladder tests check for infections, kidney issues and other conditions. Learn what to expect and how test results guide your care.

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