Pregnancy symptoms - when to act

During pregnancy, your bdy and mind go through constant changes. Many symptoms are a usual part of pregnancy, while others can be signs that you or your baby need support.

Here we break down the symptoms into clear categories so you can
quickly understand what to do, when to act, and when to seek help. We look at action to take around how you physically feel, your baby’s health, and your mental wellbeing.

Download this guide onto your phone so you can access it quickly if the need arises.

Your physical symptoms

Here we look at the symptoms that affect you and let you know when you need to act and what you need to do.

Physical symptoms in pregnancy requiring immediate emergency help

Some symptoms need urgent medical attention because they may indicate a serious problem.

Physical symptoms that need urgent medical advice

These symptoms don’t usually require emergency services, but they do need to be checked out straight away by a health care professional. Do not wait to see if things get better, get advice immediately.

Usual physical changes - and when they become a concern

Many physical changes are a usual part of being pregnant. This section explains which symptoms, although uncomfortable and upsetting, are usually harmless and at what points you may need medical attention.

Regardless of the symptom - if you are worried, get help. Do not wait to see if it gets worse or brush it off. Go with your feelings.

Expected changes in pregnancy

• Feeling slightly sick.

• Tiredness.

• Backache.

• Mild swelling of ankles.

• Heartburn.

• Constipation.

• Light cramping or stretching sensations.

• Breast tenderness or soreness.

Your baby’s movements are an important sign of their wellbeing - and yours.

You will notice your baby’s regular movements developing a pattern over time. You’ll feel periods of intense activity, more gentle movement, and the occasional quiet times. You’ll have different sensations as your baby grows.

Here we look at what is typical for your baby and when to get help.

Emotional and mental health changes are just as important as physical ones. This section looks at some of the symptoms that you should expect and when you should get medical help.

Signs to get help quickly

Here, Marilyn Cross Coleman, LCSW, PMH-C, Founder, Shameless Mama Wellness, Sacramento, USA, explains the symptoms which mean you should reach out for professional support straight away - and how to spot them.

• Feeling persistently low, hopeless, or emotionally “numb” - these can be signs of perinatal depression, especially if they last more than a few days or feel hard to shake.

• Anxiety that feels overwhelming or unmanageable - if worry takes over your day, panic attacks keep happening, or you feel constantly on edge, talk to a health professional.

• Intrusive or disturbing thoughts that feel vivid or frightening - many pregnant women have intrusive thoughts, but if they become frequent or very upsetting, reach out for support to help you feel safer and calmer.

• Any thoughts about harming yourself or not wanting to be here - these feelings deserve immediate attention from a professional. You don’t have to manage them alone.

• Having difficulty doing everyday things - if eating, sleeping, washing, working, or basic routines feel impossible, it’s a sign you need extra support.

• Flashbacks, nightmares, or a strong startle response - pregnancy can sometimes stir up past trauma. If this happens, reaching out sooner rather than later can really help.

Expected symptoms - but still need keeping an eye on

Cross Coleman talks about the symptoms that many pregnant women experience, but which can become concerning if they start taking over.

• Mood swings, sensitivity, or feeling more emotional than usual - usual in pregnancy, but if the swings dominate most of your day, speak to a professional.

• Worry or “what if” thinking - common, but if it turns into constant catastrophising that feels impossible to control, support will help.

• Irritability - totally usual, but if it becomes extreme anger or starts affecting your relationships, it’s a sign to check in with someone.

• Trouble sleeping - often caused by physical discomfort, but if you’re awake because of racing thoughts, dread, or anxiety, you should speak to a healthcare professional.

• ‘Baby brain’ or brain fog - forgetfulness is common, but if it’s so strong that it affects your ability to concentrate or manage daily tasks, you should ask for help.